The river Nile is the longest river in the world shared by 10 countries in the Nile Basin: Burundi, Congo, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania and Uganda. The basin represents one of the most complex and sensitive hydrological systems in the world including parts and entireties of ten countries with different culture, language religion and historical background. The Nile Basin countries are experiencing a number of problems such as rapid population growth, limited water resources, environmental degradation and poverty. In 25 years time the population of the Nile riparian countries is expected to have doubled to more than 300 million people. Of course this situation could not persist. It is realized nowadays that co-operation among the Nile countries is a prerequisite for the further development of the Basin and that capacity building is playing a crucial role in that process.
- Area: about 3.0 million square km.
- Area of Lakes is 81500 square km.
- Area of swamps is 70000 square km.
- Length: more than 6000 km.
- Length of Rivers and Tributaries is 37500 km.
- 10 Riparian States with 250 million people
- 5 States are among the Ten Poorest in World.
- Extreme Poverty.
- Instability.
- Rapid Population Growth.
- Environmental degradation
- Natural disasters (Floods, Droughts, .etc.)
- Complicated hydrology of Basin.
- Low Specific Yield.
- Equitable Use and no harm Principle.
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